Difference between revisions of "Treat a Cut Finger"
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| − | Maybe you cut your finger while cooking or nicked it while playing sports. Finger injuries are common and often do not require emergency medical care; however, if the cut appears deep, you cannot stop the bleeding from the cut, or there is a foreign object in the cut (a shard of glass or metal, for example), you should seek immediate medical attention.<ref>http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cuts-and-grazes/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref> | + | Maybe you cut your finger while cooking or nicked it while playing sports. Finger injuries are common and often do not require emergency medical care; however, if the cut appears deep, you cannot stop the bleeding from the cut, or there is a foreign object in the cut (a shard of glass or metal, for example), you should seek immediate medical attention.<ref name="rf1">http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cuts-and-grazes/Pages/Introduction.aspx</ref> |
[[Category:First Aid and Emergencies]] | [[Category:First Aid and Emergencies]] | ||
== Steps == | == Steps == | ||
===Cleaning the Cut=== | ===Cleaning the Cut=== | ||
| − | #Wash your hands before you touch the cut. Doing this will limit the risk of you infecting the cut with bacteria from your hands.<ref>http://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-cuts/basics/ART-20056711</ref> | + | #Wash your hands before you touch the cut. Doing this will limit the risk of you infecting the cut with bacteria from your hands.<ref name="rf2">http://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-cuts/basics/ART-20056711</ref> |
#*If you have access to disposable medical gloves, put one on your uninjured hand to prevent exposing the cut to the bacteria on your hand. | #*If you have access to disposable medical gloves, put one on your uninjured hand to prevent exposing the cut to the bacteria on your hand. | ||
| − | #Clean the cut. Use clear, running water to rinse the wound. Take a clean washcloth, wet it, and dip it in soap. Clean around the wound with the soapy washcloth, but keep soap out of the cut, as it can cause irritation. Pat the cut dry with a clean towel once you have cleaned it.<ref>http://www.berkeleywellness.com/self-care/over-counter-products/article/wound-care-essentials</ref><ref | + | #Clean the cut. Use clear, running water to rinse the wound. Take a clean washcloth, wet it, and dip it in soap. Clean around the wound with the soapy washcloth, but keep soap out of the cut, as it can cause irritation. Pat the cut dry with a clean towel once you have cleaned it.<ref name="rf3">http://www.berkeleywellness.com/self-care/over-counter-products/article/wound-care-essentials</ref><ref name="rf2" /> |
#*If there is dirt or debris in the cut after you have rinsed it and washed around it, use tweezers to remove the debris. Dip the tweezers in rubbing alcohol to sanitize it before you use it on your cut. | #*If there is dirt or debris in the cut after you have rinsed it and washed around it, use tweezers to remove the debris. Dip the tweezers in rubbing alcohol to sanitize it before you use it on your cut. | ||
#*You do not need to use hydrogen peroxide, rubbing alcohol, iodine, or an iodine-based cleanser on the cut, as these products can be irritating to the damaged tissue. | #*You do not need to use hydrogen peroxide, rubbing alcohol, iodine, or an iodine-based cleanser on the cut, as these products can be irritating to the damaged tissue. | ||
#*If debris still remains the cut, or is hard to remove, you should seek professional medical care at your nearest clinic or hospital. | #*If debris still remains the cut, or is hard to remove, you should seek professional medical care at your nearest clinic or hospital. | ||
#Note if the blood squirts out or oozes out. If blood is squirting out of the cut, you’ve cut an artery and will require emergency care right away. You likely will not be able to stop the bleeding on your own. Apply pressure to an artery cut with a clean washcloth, towel, or sterile gauze and go to the emergency room. Do not attempt to apply a tourniquet to the cut. | #Note if the blood squirts out or oozes out. If blood is squirting out of the cut, you’ve cut an artery and will require emergency care right away. You likely will not be able to stop the bleeding on your own. Apply pressure to an artery cut with a clean washcloth, towel, or sterile gauze and go to the emergency room. Do not attempt to apply a tourniquet to the cut. | ||
| − | #*If blood is oozing out of the cut, this means you’ve cut a vein. Vein cuts will stop bleeding after about 10 minutes, with the proper care, and can usually be treated at home.<ref>http://www.thesurvivaldoctor.com/2011/09/28/skin-lacerations-how-to-treat-a-cut-scrape-gash-stab-wound/</ref> As with any severe bleed, apply pressure using sterile gauze or dressings to the wound. | + | #*If blood is oozing out of the cut, this means you’ve cut a vein. Vein cuts will stop bleeding after about 10 minutes, with the proper care, and can usually be treated at home.<ref name="rf4">http://www.thesurvivaldoctor.com/2011/09/28/skin-lacerations-how-to-treat-a-cut-scrape-gash-stab-wound/</ref> As with any severe bleed, apply pressure using sterile gauze or dressings to the wound. |
| − | #Check how deep the wound is. A deep wound that goes all the way through your skin and is gaping, with exposed fat or muscle, will need stitches. You should go to emergency care as soon as possible if the cut is deep enough for stitches. If the cut appears to be just below the surface of your skin and has minimal bleeding, you can treat it at home.<ref | + | #Check how deep the wound is. A deep wound that goes all the way through your skin and is gaping, with exposed fat or muscle, will need stitches. You should go to emergency care as soon as possible if the cut is deep enough for stitches. If the cut appears to be just below the surface of your skin and has minimal bleeding, you can treat it at home.<ref name="rf2" /> |
#*Properly closing a deep wound within a few hours with stitches will minimize scarring and reduce your risk of infection. | #*Properly closing a deep wound within a few hours with stitches will minimize scarring and reduce your risk of infection. | ||
#*Generally, if the cut is less than 3 cm in length, less than 1/2 cm (1/4 inch) deep, and no lower structures are involved (muscle, tendon, etc.), the cut is considered minor and can be treated without stitches. | #*Generally, if the cut is less than 3 cm in length, less than 1/2 cm (1/4 inch) deep, and no lower structures are involved (muscle, tendon, etc.), the cut is considered minor and can be treated without stitches. | ||
| − | #Stop the bleeding. Minor cuts usually stop bleeding after several minutes on their own. If the cut on your finger is oozing blood, use a clean cloth or a sterile bandage to apply gentle pressure to the cut.<ref | + | #Stop the bleeding. Minor cuts usually stop bleeding after several minutes on their own. If the cut on your finger is oozing blood, use a clean cloth or a sterile bandage to apply gentle pressure to the cut.<ref name="rf2" /> |
#*Elevate the cut by raising your finger over your head, above your heart. Keep the dressing on the cut as you raise it over your head to soak up the blood. | #*Elevate the cut by raising your finger over your head, above your heart. Keep the dressing on the cut as you raise it over your head to soak up the blood. | ||
| − | #Put an antibiotic cream or ointment on the cut. Once the bleeding is stemmed, applying a thin layer of Neosporin or Polysporin on the cut will help keep the surface of the cut moist. These products will not make your cut heal faster, but they will prevent infection and encourage your body to start the natural healing process.<ref | + | #Put an antibiotic cream or ointment on the cut. Once the bleeding is stemmed, applying a thin layer of Neosporin or Polysporin on the cut will help keep the surface of the cut moist. These products will not make your cut heal faster, but they will prevent infection and encourage your body to start the natural healing process.<ref name="rf2" /> |
#*Some people may develop a rash due to the ingredients in these ointments. Stop using the ointment if you develop a rash. | #*Some people may develop a rash due to the ingredients in these ointments. Stop using the ointment if you develop a rash. | ||
| − | #Bandage the cut. Cover the cut with a bandage to keep it clean and prevent harmful bacteria from getting into the cut.<ref | + | #Bandage the cut. Cover the cut with a bandage to keep it clean and prevent harmful bacteria from getting into the cut.<ref name="rf2" /> |
#*Use a waterproof band-aid or plaster so you can keep the bandage on while you are in the shower. If the bandage does become wet, remove it, air dry the wound, re-apply any creams you have been using and re-bandage. | #*Use a waterproof band-aid or plaster so you can keep the bandage on while you are in the shower. If the bandage does become wet, remove it, air dry the wound, re-apply any creams you have been using and re-bandage. | ||
| − | #Take over-the-counter painkillers. If the cut is painful, take an ibuprofen to help relieve the pain. Only take the suggested amount on the bottle.<ref | + | #Take over-the-counter painkillers. If the cut is painful, take an ibuprofen to help relieve the pain. Only take the suggested amount on the bottle.<ref name="rf1" /> |
#*A minor cut should heal within a few days. | #*A minor cut should heal within a few days. | ||
| − | #*Do not take aspirin as it is a known blood thinner and cause you to bleed more from the cut.<ref>http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/daily-aspirin-therapy/ART-20046797</ref> | + | #*Do not take aspirin as it is a known blood thinner and cause you to bleed more from the cut.<ref name="rf5">http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/in-depth/daily-aspirin-therapy/ART-20046797</ref> |
===Keeping the Cut Clean=== | ===Keeping the Cut Clean=== | ||
| − | #Change the dressing once a day. You should also change the dressing if the bandage becomes wet or dirty.<ref | + | #Change the dressing once a day. You should also change the dressing if the bandage becomes wet or dirty.<ref name="rf2" /> |
#*After the cut has healed enough and there is a scab forming on the cut, you can leave it uncovered. Exposing it to the air will speed up healing. | #*After the cut has healed enough and there is a scab forming on the cut, you can leave it uncovered. Exposing it to the air will speed up healing. | ||
| − | #Seek medical care if the cut becomes swollen, very red, full of pus, or you experience a fever. These are all symptoms of a possible infection. You should get the cut looked at by a doctor if you experience any of these symptoms.<ref | + | #Seek medical care if the cut becomes swollen, very red, full of pus, or you experience a fever. These are all symptoms of a possible infection. You should get the cut looked at by a doctor if you experience any of these symptoms.<ref name="rf2" /> |
| − | #*If you lose mobility in your hand or experience numbness of your finger, you may have a more serious infection and should see a doctor right away.<ref | + | #*If you lose mobility in your hand or experience numbness of your finger, you may have a more serious infection and should see a doctor right away.<ref name="rf1" /> |
#*Red streaks radiating from the cut are a sign of severe infection and medical attention should be sought immediately. | #*Red streaks radiating from the cut are a sign of severe infection and medical attention should be sought immediately. | ||
| − | #*If your cut was from an animal bite or a human bite, you should get it checked by a doctor. An animal bite, especially from a wild animal like a raccoon or a squirrel, may pose a rabies risk.<ref | + | #*If your cut was from an animal bite or a human bite, you should get it checked by a doctor. An animal bite, especially from a wild animal like a raccoon or a squirrel, may pose a rabies risk.<ref name="rf1" /> Domestic animals and humans have bacteria in their mouths that, once embedded in the skin, can greatly increase chance of infection. |
| − | #Get a tetanus shot if the cut is dirty or deep. Once the doctor has cleaned the cut and given you stitches for the deep cut, you should ask about getting a tetanus shot to prevent infection.<ref | + | #Get a tetanus shot if the cut is dirty or deep. Once the doctor has cleaned the cut and given you stitches for the deep cut, you should ask about getting a tetanus shot to prevent infection.<ref name="rf2" /> |
#*As well, if you haven’t had a tetanus shot in the past five years and the cut is serious, you should get a tetanus shot as soon as possible. | #*As well, if you haven’t had a tetanus shot in the past five years and the cut is serious, you should get a tetanus shot as soon as possible. | ||
