Difference between revisions of "Find the Density of Water"
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| − | Density is the amount of mass an object has per unit volume (amount of space that object occupies).<ref>https://www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/textbook/density.html</ref> The metric units of density are grams per milliliter (g/mL). Finding the density of water is relatively simple with the formula ''density = mass/volume''. | + | Density is the amount of mass an object has per unit volume (amount of space that object occupies).<ref name="rf1">https://www.nyu.edu/pages/mathmol/textbook/density.html</ref> The metric units of density are grams per milliliter (g/mL). Finding the density of water is relatively simple with the formula ''density = mass/volume''. |
[[Category:Calculating Volume and Area]] | [[Category:Calculating Volume and Area]] | ||
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#* Record the mass of the cylinder in grams (g). | #* Record the mass of the cylinder in grams (g). | ||
#* For example, let’s say the empty graduated cylinder weighs 11 grams. | #* For example, let’s say the empty graduated cylinder weighs 11 grams. | ||
| − | #Fill the graduated cylinder with water. It doesn’t matter how much water you add, but be sure to note the exact amount. Read the volume by looking at the cylinder at eye level and recording the volume at the bottom of the meniscus. The meniscus is the curve of the liquid that you’ll see when you look at the water right at eye level.<ref>http://water.usgs.gov/edu/meniscus.html</ref> | + | #Fill the graduated cylinder with water. It doesn’t matter how much water you add, but be sure to note the exact amount. Read the volume by looking at the cylinder at eye level and recording the volume at the bottom of the meniscus. The meniscus is the curve of the liquid that you’ll see when you look at the water right at eye level.<ref name="rf2">http://water.usgs.gov/edu/meniscus.html</ref> |
#* The volume of water in the graduated cylinder is the volume you will use for the density calculation. | #* The volume of water in the graduated cylinder is the volume you will use for the density calculation. | ||
#* Let’s say you filled the graduated cylinder with 7.3 milliliters (mL) of volume. | #* Let’s say you filled the graduated cylinder with 7.3 milliliters (mL) of volume. | ||
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#Subtract the weight of the empty cylinder from the full cylinder. To get the mass of the water only, you must subtract out the weight of the graduated cylinder. The result is the mass of the water in the cylinder. | #Subtract the weight of the empty cylinder from the full cylinder. To get the mass of the water only, you must subtract out the weight of the graduated cylinder. The result is the mass of the water in the cylinder. | ||
#* In our example, the mass of the graduated cylinder is 11 g and the mass of the cylinder full of water is 18.3 g. 18.3 g – 11 g = 7.3 g, therefore the mass of the water is 7.3 grams. | #* In our example, the mass of the graduated cylinder is 11 g and the mass of the cylinder full of water is 18.3 g. 18.3 g – 11 g = 7.3 g, therefore the mass of the water is 7.3 grams. | ||
| − | #Calculate the density by dividing the mass by the volume. Using the equation density = mass/volume, you can determine the density of water.<ref | + | #Calculate the density by dividing the mass by the volume. Using the equation density = mass/volume, you can determine the density of water.<ref name="rf1" /> Plug in the values of mass and volume you determined and solve. |
#* Mass of the water: 7.3 g | #* Mass of the water: 7.3 g | ||
#* Volume of the water: 7.3 mL | #* Volume of the water: 7.3 mL | ||
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#* The standard equation for density is ''ρ = m/v''. | #* The standard equation for density is ''ρ = m/v''. | ||
#Use the proper units for each variable. When calculating density, it is customary to use metric units. The mass of an object is represented in grams. The volume of the object is in milliliters. You may also see volume in centimeters cubed (cm<sup>3</sup>). | #Use the proper units for each variable. When calculating density, it is customary to use metric units. The mass of an object is represented in grams. The volume of the object is in milliliters. You may also see volume in centimeters cubed (cm<sup>3</sup>). | ||
| − | #Know why density is important. The density of an object can be used to identify different materials.<ref | + | #Know why density is important. The density of an object can be used to identify different materials.<ref name="rf1" /> If you are trying to identify a substance, you can calculate its density and then compare it to the known density of other materials. |
| − | #Understand factors that can influence the density of a water. Although the density of water is pretty close to 1 g/mL, certain disciplines of science need to know the density of water with a higher specificity. The density of pure water is altered by temperature.<ref>http://butane.chem.uiuc.edu/pshapley/GenChem1/L21/2.html</ref> Water density increases as the temperature gets colder. | + | #Understand factors that can influence the density of a water. Although the density of water is pretty close to 1 g/mL, certain disciplines of science need to know the density of water with a higher specificity. The density of pure water is altered by temperature.<ref name="rf3">http://butane.chem.uiuc.edu/pshapley/GenChem1/L21/2.html</ref> Water density increases as the temperature gets colder. |
#* For example, at 0°C the density of water is .9998 g/mL, but at 80°C the density is .9718 g/mL. These differences may seem small, but are very important to be aware of in scientific experiments and research. | #* For example, at 0°C the density of water is .9998 g/mL, but at 80°C the density is .9718 g/mL. These differences may seem small, but are very important to be aware of in scientific experiments and research. | ||
